High Pressure Reactor- suflux

High Pressure Reactor

 Ilshin Autoclave’s High Pressure Reactor is divided into [Multi-purpose Reactor] for various tests and [Special Reactor] for a production and special tests. Many other components can be installed according to user needs.

◈ Mutil Purpose Reactor

 

 Ilshin Autoclave manufactures a variety of high pressure reactor and system according to purpose. We provide research reactors for chemical synthesis, decomposition, sublimation, and extraction as well as industrial reactor for chemistry, petroleum, food, material and many other industries.

 Ilshin Autoclave’s high pressure reactor is divided into RS series, RN series and BUD series according to purpose and using various temperature, pressure, volume and material. In terms of products for special specification, we provide customized product according to request of customer.

◈ Special Purpose Reactor - Hydrothermal Reactor

 

Hydrothermal synthesis means the techniques crystallizing substances such as metal salt, oxide, hydrate, or metal powders which depend on solubility, temperature, pressure and solute concentration in solution or suspension. Liquid Phase Synthesis is synthesizing method in high temperature and pressure by using a water or aqueous solution. Mineralizer contributes the solubilization, accelerate nucleation of compound in liquid. Mineralizer not only just lowers the temperature but also generates compound selectively, so it is necessary for hydrothermal synthesis.

Ilshin Autoclave's Hydrothermal Synthesis system can perform hydrothermal synthesis of various materials. Most of powders are crystallized in 300, 85 /. Our equipments provide accurate temperature and pressure for process. Ilshin Autoclave Co.,Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.

The advantages of hydrothermal synthesis
• Fast reaction and dispersion (It’s suitable for generating solid solution / compounds)
• Control pressure, temperature, solution, and addictives.
• Weaknesses of usual liquid phase synthesis (ex: co-precipitation, hydrolysis method)
 
Weaknesses of usual liquid phase synthesis (ex: co-precipitation, hydrolysis method)
- Non-uniformity when removing residual solvent
 - Inhomogeneous crystallization
 - Cause pollution / agglomeration when performs sintering or pulverization  
 
 
 Major materials using hydrothermal synthesis
* Hydrothermal Synthesis (BaTiO3) 
1) Properties : High dielectric constant and thermostability → ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity
 2) Applications : Capacitor, thermistor, sensor, communication filter, microwave filter, NVM(non-volatile memory),
                                DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory), heat detector, optical waveguide
 3) Manufacturing process drawing of hydrothermal synthesis 
 

◈ Special Purpose Reactor - Polymerization Reactor

Polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains. There are many forms of polymerization such as condensation polymer, addition polymer and copolymerization. Ilshin Autoclave's Polymerization System is used for various polymerizations and performs accurate process. Ilshin Autoclave Co.,Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.

 

Condensation Polymerization
Condensation polymerization releasing small molecules as by-products such as water or methanol. Because this reaction resulting loss of small molecules which is often water, it’s also called dehydration polymerization. Concentrated Sulfuric Acid is used to process to accelerate reaction. Peptide binding and Ester binding is a typical example of condensation polymerization.
Ex) polyamide, polyester, urethane, bakelite 
 
 
Addition Polymerization
Addition polymerization is a reaction, where many monomer bond together via rearrangement of bonds without the loss of any monomers. This occur in different ways which may be through free radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization andcoordination polymerization.
 Ex) PVC, polyethylene, polystyrene 
 
Copolymerization 
Copolymerization is a reaction derives polymer from 2 (or more) monomeric species, as opposed to a homopolymer where only one polymer is used. Common examples of this is a rubber using butadiene and styrene. It's widely used in chemical industry and fiber industry.
 
Coordination Polymerization 
Coordination Polymerization is a reaction in which monomer adds to growing macromolecule through an organometallic active center. Coordination type polymers are also stereoregular and can be isotactic or syndiotactic instead of just atactic.

 

◈ Special Purpose Reactor - Hydrogenation Reactor

 

Hydrogenation, includes hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking, is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst. In general, the hydrogenation of nitrogen generates an ammonia, and hydrogenation of carbon monoxide generates a methanol / hydrocarbon. Most of organic compounds can be hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst.

 Hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking are an important reaction in many industries. Hydrogenolysis is used for production of cooking oil and hydrocracking is used for production of gasoline or petroleum products. Liquid fuel production from hydrogenation of coal getting limelight as a method replaces oil production. 

 Ilshin Autolcave’s hydrogenation reactor is the equipment that can perform various hydrogenations with safety and accurate process. Ilshin Autoclave Co. Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.

Applications of Hydrogenation
• Production of cooking oil from liquid oils
• Hydrogenolysis of hydrocarbon in oil industry.
• Making alkane in bio oil into methanol.
• Production of cyclo-hexane from benzene
• Production of toluidine from toluene.
• Production of alcohol from aldehyde and ketone.
• Production of amine from nitro compound.

 

Special Purpose Reactor -  Catalytic Reactor

What is a catalyst?
 A catalyst is a substance effects on rates of reaction. In general, a catalyst changes rates of reaction by opening a different reaction pathway.

 

What is catalysis?
 Catalysis is a reaction maintains the best conditions for rapid and accurate process. A catalyst lowers the activation energy to speed up the reaction but not effects on the result of process. A catalyst is divided into homogeneous catalyst and heterogeneous catalyst. Homogeneous catalyst is in the same phase as the reactants and heterogeneous catalyst is in the different phase from the reactants.

Methods of catalysis
 Homogeneous catalyst is melt with single phase, such as n- isobutyl aldehyde. Heterogeneous catalysis can involve multiple phases. In general, the catalyst is a solid, and reactants are liquid or gas. Sometimes, there are reactants in liquid-gas phase such as production of benzene by dehydrogenation of cyclo-hexane. Ilshin Autolcave's catalytic reactor is the equipment that can perform various catalysis with safety and accurate process. Ilshin Autoclave Co., Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.

Applications of Catalysis 

Petrochemical Industry
• Oil refinery distills crude oil and performs hydrogenation, hydrogenolysis, catalytic cracking, isomerization or
    alkylation to improve a quality of oil.
• Remove sulfur to prevent environmental pollution 
Manufacturing chemicals 
• Most of processes manufacturing chemicals use a catalyst except pyrolysis and electrochemistry.
• Most of processes manufacturing polymer use a catalyst except radical polymerization.
Prevent Environmental Pollution and Remove Pollutants
• To prevent air pollution due to the increase of automobiles, use catalytic converter for automotive exhaust    emissions, which oxidize unburned hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide to become carbon dioxide and water,
    and nitrogen oxide to become nitrogen and oxide
• Selective catalytic reduction(SCR) for removal of nitrogen oxide in power plant or nitric acid plant.
• Remove nitrogen oxide, which is a cause of acid rain and ozone depletion
• Remove volatile organic substances such as an endocrine disruptor or pollutants in air or water by catalytic combustion.
Catalysis in Living
• Fan heater, gas stove, air conditioner, air cleaner, gas alarm etc.
• The catalyst in air cleaner removes gas(sulfur dioxide) and bad smells for air cleaning.

◈ Special Purpose Reactor -  Self-Propagating Reactor

Self-Propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS)  is a method for reducing inorganic compounds by exothermic reactions. SHS supplies compounds of oxide, carbide, nitride, boride and metals through self-propagating reaction in few seconds, so it is simple and economical.
 This method is developed in 1962, the Soviet Union, and until now over 300 compounds have been obtained. Before that, we can only obtain micro particle, not a nano particle. But by development of SHS, we can manufacture nano metal powder(Ti, W, Mo, Nb, Si), 100nm particles (TiC, WC, SiC, BC, TiB2, Si N, TiN, AlN, SiAlO2), secondary battery (LiCoO2, LiMn2O), blue phosphor for PDP, dielectric for MLCC(BaTiO), functional nano ceramic materials(Piezoelectric Material PZT), hydrogen storage(TiFeH, TiH) and intermetallic compounds. SHS is especially applied to functional material industry and nano particles with high purity.

 

 Ilshin Autolcave’s SHS system can perform accurate process about temperature and pressure.
 There is a power supply line for self propagating. Ilshin Autoclave Co., Ltd obtained ASME pressure vessels certification of design & manufacturing, also have Korea Gas Safety Corporation and The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency certification so can ensure safety.
 
Benefits of SHS
• Manufacturing high purity nano particles by short processing time with high temperature.
• Energy saving by exothermic reaction.
• Manufacturing high melting point metal, functional ceramic powder.
• Reducing costs by easy setting up and process. 

Applications of SHS
• Machinery industry : abrasive, hard alloy
• Metal industry : NITROGEN-CONTAINING ALLOY , compounds
• Electric/electronic industry : MoSi, AIN, BN
• Chemical industry : catalyst decomposition, fumigant, ceramic pigments 


◈ Special Purpose Reactor -  Rotary Reactor

The environmental pollution has become a serious problem all over the world, and demands for garbage/waste treatment facilities are increasing. 3 important processes in waste treatment industry are Wet Pulping & Separation, Steam Autoclave, and Rotary Reactor. The organic materials from Wet Pulping & Separation process retain more than 90% of moisture. But organic materials from Steam Autoclave or Rotary Reactor just retain 50~70% of moisture.

The Rotary Reactor is an in-vessel aerobic treatment process, which has been used as a pre-treatment process for the production of compost from solid wastes, such as municipal solid waste, biosolids, or animal manure. The initial rotary process was patented during the 1980s by Dr. Eric Eweson(Eweson, 1991). The drum normally rotates at a constant speed, 1 to 5 rpm, depending on the design characteristics of the plant. Some drums are equipped with multiple speed gearboxes, employing higher rotation speeds during the loading or unloading stages.

Benefits of Rotary Reactor
• Useful for municipal waste such as food waste and garden rubbish
• Useful for pulping process
• Used for manufacturing methane biofuel. 
 
Applications 
• Environmental industry : municipal waste, garden rubbish, food waste
• Paper industry : pulping, Chemical industry : catalysed decomposition 
 
Benefits of Ilshin Autoclave's Rotary Reactor

Safety
• Design and manufacture according to ASME(American Society of Mechanical Engineer), pressure vessel standards.
•Design and manufacture according to KGS and KOSHA.

Accuracy 
• Electricity supply by magnetic coupling
• Improve process time and equipment efficiency by installation of heater
• Maintain constant temperature by internal/external insulation
• Improve safety through the multi-safety devices 
Customized engineering
• A variety of types and specification for customer
• Different types of research are available by various additional components.
• Accurate measurement and simplification of control system enable more convenient research 
Easy maintenance
• A variety of measurements facilitate analyzing operating conditions.
• Easy assembly/disassembly and clean up
• Quick response to customer request through customer service team